chii chinorehwa nemuchina we centrifuge

Muchina weCentrifuge: Kuvandudza Kushanda Nesimba uye Kunyatsoshanda Mumaindasitiri Akasiyana-siyana

Nhanganyaya

Michina yeCentrifuge inoita basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri akawanda, zvichigonesa kupatsanurwa kwezvinhu zvichibva pakuwanda, saizi, kana kusimba. Midziyo iyi inoshandisa simba reCentrifugal, chiitiko apo chinhu chinofamba munzira yakakombama chinosangana nesimba rekunze. Nekutenderera masampuli nekumhanya kwakanyanya, michina yeCentrifuge inoparadzanisa zvikamu zvinobudirira, zvichiita kuti zvive zvishandiso zvinokosha mukutsvagisa kwesainzi, kuongororwa kwezvekurapa, uye maitiro ekugadzira. Muchinyorwa chino, tichaongorora zvinoreva michina yeCentrifuge, kuongorora mashandisirwo ayo mumaindasitiri, uye kukurukura misimboti yekushanda kwayo nemhando dzayo.

I. Kunzwisisa Michina yeCentrifuge

A. Tsanangudzo neNhoroondo

Michina yeCentrifuge imidziyo inoshandiswa kuparadzanisa zvinhu kana zvikamu kubva mumusanganiswa kuburikidza nesimba reCentrifugal. Simba iri rinobvumira zvidimbu zvinorema kusundirwa kumucheto kwechishandiso chekutenderera, nepo zvinhu zvakareruka zvinowanzo gara zviri pedyo nepakati. Pfungwa yeCentrifugation yakatanga muzana remakore rechi19 apo vaongorori vakatsvaga nzira dzinoshanda dzekuparadzanisa musanganiswa. Kufambira mberi kwakatevedzana kwakatungamira mukugadzirwa kwemichina yemazuva ano yeCentrifuge, zvichikonzera budiriro mune zvakawanda zvesainzi.

B. Nheyo dzeMashandiro

Michina yeCentrifuge inoshanda nepfungwa yekudonha kwemvura, ichishandisa simba rinogadzirwa nekutenderera kuita zvikamu zvakasiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hwazvo. Sezvo muchina uchitenderera nekukurumidza, musanganiswa uri mukati memudziyo unowana simba rekunze, zvichiita kuti zvidimbu zviparadzaniswe. Maitiro aya anobatsira zvikuru pakushanda nezvinwiwa kana zvinhu zvine zvinhu zvakasimba zvisinganyunguduke.

II. Mashandisirwo muMaindasitiri Akasiyana-siyana

A. Munda wezvekurapa nemishonga

Michina yeCentrifuge inoshanda basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri ekurapa nekurapa. Midziyo iyi inoshandiswa mumarabhoritari ekuparadzanisa zvikamu zveropa, masero, uye DNA. Mienzaniso yeropa inowanikwa kubva kuvarwere inowanzo gadziriswa uchishandisa centrifuge kuti iparadzanise plasma, serum, uye masero eropa akasiyana-siyana. Pamusoro pezvo, makambani emishonga anovimba nemichina yeCentrifuge kuti iparadzanise zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine mvura, zvichiita kuti mishonga nemajekiseni zvive nyore kugadzira.

B. Tsvagiridzo yeSainzi

Michina yeCentrifuge inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukutsvagisa kwesainzi muzvikamu zvakaita sebiology, chemistry, uye physics. Mubiology, vaongorori vanoshandisa centrifugation kupatsanura zvikamu zvemasero, kuparadzanisa maorganelle ari pasi pemasero, uye kudzidza kudyidzana kwemamorekuru. Mumunda wekemesitiri, michina yeCentrifuge inobatsira mukuchenesa makemikari, kupatsanurana kwemisanganiswa, uye kutsanangura chimiro chemamorekuru. Mufizikisi, michina iyi inoita basa rakakosha mukudzidza zvidimbu uye kudyidzana kwazvo.

C. Kuongorora Zvakatipoteredza

Michina ye centrifuge inoita basa guru mukuongorora nharaunda nekuparadzanisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zvemvura yakasviba, madhaka, uye ivhu. Nekuziva uye kuverenga zvikamu zvakasiyana, vaongorori vanogona kuongorora huwandu hwekusvibiswa, kutarisa hunhu hwemvura, uye kuongorora kukanganisa nharaunda. Nzira dze centrifuge dzinoshandiswa kuongorora huwandu hwesimbi inorema, petroleum hydrocarbons, uye huwandu hwetupukanana, zvichibatsira masayendisiti ezvakatipoteredza kuita sarudzo dzakangwara maererano nekugadzirisa nekuchengetedza.

D. Indasitiri yeOiri neGasi

Muindasitiri yemafuta negasi, michina ye centrifuge inoshandiswa pakuita mabasa ekumusoro neapasi. Midziyo iyi inobatsira mukupatsanurwa kwemafuta asina kucheneswa, gasi rechisikigo, nemvura, zvichiita kuti basa rekuchenesa nekugadzira ribudirire. Michina ye centrifuge inogona kupatsanura tsvina kubva kumafuta asina kucheneswa, zvichiita kuti chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro chive chemhando yepamusoro uye kuderedza njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza. Inoshandiswawo pakuita mabasa ekuchera, uko inobvisa matope ekuchera netsvina yakasimba kubva mumvura inoburitswa.

III. Mhando dzeMichina yeCentrifuge

A. Ma "Ultracentrifuges"

Ma ultracentrifuge michina inomhanya zvikuru inokwanisa kugadzira simba regiravhiti rakakwirira kwazvo. Midziyo iyi inogona kusvika kumhanya kunoshamisa kweanosvika 150,000 revolutions paminiti (rpm) uye inonyanya kushandiswa mumarabhoritari ekutsvagisa mabasa akaomarara akadai sekuparadzanisa macromolecules akadai semapuroteni nema nucleic acids. Ma ultracentrifuge ane ma rotors akasarudzika uye anoshandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyatso tariswa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mhinduro dzakarurama uye dzakanyatsojeka.

B. MaCentrifuge Akachengetwa muFriji

Ma "centrifuge" ari mufiriji, sezita rawo, anoshandisa nzira dzekutonhodza kuti achengetedze tembiricha yakaderera panguva yeku "centrifugation". Michina iyi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumarabhoritari anoshanda nemasampuli ehupenyu anonyatsoda kudzorwa kwetembiricha kuti arambe akasimba. Nekuderedza njodzi yekuora kwesampuli uye kuona kuti yagadzikana, ma "centrifuge" ari mufiriji zvishandiso zvakakosha mukutsvaga kwezvekurapa uye mashandisirwo ekuongorora.

C. Microcentrifuges

Microcentrifuges michina midiki inoshandiswa kugadzira sampuli diki munzvimbo dzemarabhoritari. Yakagadzirirwa kushanda nekumhanya kwakanyanya, kazhinji kubva pa10,000 kusvika 20,000 rpm. Microcentrifuges inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvakaita sebiochemistry, genetics, uye molecular biology, zvichibvumira vaongorori kuparadzanisa zvikamu zvemasero nekukurumidza.

D. MaCentrifuge eIndasitiri

Michina yekuchenesa michina yemaindasitiri yakagadzirwa kuti ikwanise kubata misanganiswa yakawanda mumabasa ekugadzira. Midziyo iyi yakasimba yakagadzirwa kuti ikwanise kumira munzvimbo dzinonetsa uye inoshandiswa muzvikamu zvakaita sezvekudya nezvinwiwa, makemikari, uye kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba. Michina yekuchenesa michina yemaindasitiri inoita kuti mvura nezvinhu zvakasimba zviparadzaniswe zvakanaka, inovandudza kunaka kwechigadzirwa, uye inovandudza maitiro ekugadzira.

E. MaCentrifuge eKliniki

Michina yekiriniki ye centrifuge inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumarabhoritari ekurapa, muzvipatara, uye mumakiriniki pakuita maitiro ekuongorora nguva dzose. Midziyo iyi inowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzepamusoro uye inoshandiswa kupatsanura sampuli dzeropa, kuwana plasma kana serum, uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana. Michina yekiriniki ye centrifuge inowedzera kukurumidza uye kururama kwekuongororwa kwekuongorora, zvichigonesa vashandi vehutano kuita sarudzo dzakakodzera maererano nekutarisirwa kwevarwere.

Mhedziso

Michina yeCentrifuge zvishandiso zvakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, zvichichinja tsvakiridzo yesainzi, kuongororwa kwezvirwere, uye maitiro ekugadzira. Nekukwanisa kwayo kupatsanura zvinhu zvichienderana nehuremu, saizi, kana kusimba, michina iyi yave shamwari dzinokosha mumarabhoritari, makambani emishonga, uye maindasitiri. Sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichifambira mberi, michina yeCentrifuge pasina mubvunzo ichaita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kushanda zvakanaka, kururama, uye kufambira mberi mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana.