te mahi a te wehenga centrifugation
Te Wehenga Whakapūngao: Te Wetewete i ngā Mea Ngaro o te Tika me te Whai Hua
Kupu Whakataki:
He tukanga whakamiharo te wehenga pūwero kua huri i te rangahau pūtaiao me ngā tono ahumahi maha. Kei roto i tēnei ko te whakamahi i ngā kaha pūwero hei wehe i ngā matūriki i runga i tō rātou rahi, te mātotoru, me te tere o te whakatō. He whānui te whakamahinga o tēnei tikanga kaha i roto i ngā mara maha, mai i te matū koiora me te rongoā ki te pūtaiao taiao me te maimoatanga wai para. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka tūhuratia e mātou ngā mahi o roto o te wehenga pūwero, ōna tono, ngā momo pūwero rerekē, me ngā tikanga kei muri i tā rātou mahi.
I. Te Mātāpono o te Wehenga Pūwero:
Ko te wehenga pūwero e whakawhirinaki ana ki te mātāpono e tere ake te putunga o ngā matūriki taumaha i ngā matūriki māmā ake ina pāngia e te kaha pūwero. Mā te hurihuri i te ranunga i ngā tere teitei, ka taea te wehe pai i ngā matūriki o ngā rahi me ngā matotoru rerekē. Mā te kaha pūwero i hangaia e te nekehanga hurihuri ka panaia ngā matūriki ki ngā pakitara o te pūwero, ka hua ake he paparanga motuhake o ngā rauemi kua wehea.
II. Ngā Momo o ngā Pūwhakapūngao:
A. Te Whakapūtanga Rerekētanga:
Ko te centrifugation rerekē tētahi o ngā tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei wehewehe i ngā wāhanga pūtau. Kei roto ko ngā huringa maha o te centrifugation i ngā tere me ngā roanga rerekē, e āhei ai te wehewehe i ngā matūriki motuhake i runga i ō rātou tere whakatō. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei tikanga i roto i te mara o te koiora pūtau hei wehewehe i ngā whekau me te pure i ngā wāhanga pūtau.
B. Te Whakapūtanga o te Rino Matotoru:
Ko te whakapūtanga i te pikinga matotoru he whakamahi i tētahi mea whakapūtanga matotoru, pērā i te sucrose, te cesium chloride rānei, hei hanga i ngā paparanga matotoru rerekē. Ka whakatakotoria te tauira ki runga i te pikinga, ā, ka tukuna ki ngā kaha whakapūtanga. I te wa e whakatōngia ana ngā matūriki i roto i te pikinga, ka wehea rātou ki ngā roopu motuhake i runga i ō rātou matotoru. He tino whai hua tēnei tikanga mō te wehewehe i ngā hanganga pūtau-iti, pērā i ngā ribosome me ngā huaketo.
C. Te whakapūtanga rawa:
Ko te ultracentrifugation e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā centrifuges tere-teitei ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā tere mai i te 60,000 ki te neke atu i te 100,000 hurihanga ia meneti (rpm). Ka whakaputahia e ngā ultracentrifuges ngā kaha centrifuge tino kaha, e taea ai te wehewehe i ngā matūriki iti rawa. Ka kitea ngā tono o tēnei tikanga i roto i ngā mara pēnei i te matū koiora, e whakamahia ana hei ako i ngā ngota ngota pēnei i te pūmua me ngā waikawa karihi.
III. Te Wehewehenga Pūwero i roto i te Mahi:
A. Te Ahumahi Rongoā:
He mea nui te wehenga pūwero i roto i te umanga rongoā. Ka whakamahia hei pure i ngā rongoā, hei tango i ngā poke, hei wehewehe i ngā matū, hei wehe hoki i ngā kai hohe. Mā te whakahaere tika i ngā kaha pūwero me te wā, ka taea e ngā kamupene rongoā te wehewehe me te tango i ngā matū whai hua mai i ngā ranunga matatini.
B. Pūtaiao Taiao:
He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te wehenga pūwero i roto i ngā rangahau taiao me te whakahaere parahanga. Ka āwhina i ngā kaipūtaiao ki te tātari i ngā tauira oneone, ki te wehe i ngā parahanga mai i te wai para, me te tautuhi i ngā matūriki rererangi. Mā te whakatau i te tohatoha me te hanganga o ngā matūriki rerekē, ka whiwhi ngā kairangahau i ngā māramatanga ki ngā pūtake parahanga, ka whakaiti i ngā pānga kino ki te taiao.
C. Tātaritanga Toto:
He mea nui te mahi a te centrifugation i roto i ngā taiwhanga haumanu mō ngā whakamātautau toto. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā tauira toto ki te centrifugation hei wehe i te plasma, te serum, me ngā pūtau toto rerekē. He mea nui tēnei tukanga hei tautuhi i ngā mate me te aroturuki i te hauora o ngā tūroro.
IV. Ngā Tikanga i Muri i te Wehenga Pūwero:
A. Te Tere o te Whakatakotoranga:
Ko te tere o te whakatōtō o ngā matūriki i roto i te mīhini whakapūpū ka pāngia e tō rātou rahi me te mātotoru. Ka tere ake te whakatōtō o ngā matūriki nui ake, mātotoru ake, ka hanga he paparanga motuhake. Mā te whakarerekē i te kaha me te wā o te whakapūpū, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te wehewehe motuhake i ngā matūriki motuhake i runga i ō rātou āhuatanga whakatōtō.
B. Te Whakaterenga Pokapū:
Ko te whakaterenga ā-pūtau te kaha e pupuri ana i ngā matūriki kia neke i roto i te ara porowhita i roto i te pūtau. He rite tonu ki te tapawhā o te tere hurihuri me te tawhiti o ngā matūriki mai i te tuaka hurihuri. He mea nui te mārama ki te whanaungatanga i waenga i te whakaterenga ā-pūtau me te tere o te whakatōputanga hei whakahaere pai i te tukanga wehenga.
C. Hoahoa Rotor:
He mahi nui tā te rotor centrifuge ki te wehewehe pai i ngā matūriki. Ka rerekē pea ngā hoahoa rotor i runga i te tono, e whakaae ana ki ngā rōrahi rerekē, ngā rahi o ngā ngongo, me ngā whakaritenga tauira. Ko ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te āhua o te rotor, te koki, me te hototahitanga o te tere ka tino pā ki te whai huatanga o te wehenga centrifuge.
Whakatau:
He tikanga kaha te wehenga pūwero kua huri i ngā momo ao pūtaiao me ngā ao ahumahi. Mā te whakamahi i te kaha o ngā kaha pūwero, ka taea e ngā kairangahau te wehewehe pai i ngā matūriki o ngā rahi me ngā matotoru rerekē. Mai i ngā rongoā ki te pūtaiao taiao me ngā tātaritanga haumanu, kei te whai wāhi tonu te wehenga pūwero ki ngā whanaketanga o te rangahau me te hangarau. I a ngā kaipūtaiao e ruku hohonu ana ki te mārama ki ngā tikanga ngaro e whai ana i tēnei tikanga, ka taea e tātou te tumanako atu ki ngā tono auaha ake me te pai ake o te whai huatanga a meake nei.
.