ingenza i-centrifuge ihlukanise i-DNA kunye ne-rn

Ngaba iCentrifuge inokwahlula iDNA kunye neRNA?

Intshayelelo:

I-centrifuge sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesayensi ukwahlula izinto ngokusekelwe kubuninzi bazo. Isebenza ngokujikelezisa iisampuli ngesantya esiphezulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto zahlulwe ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal. Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenzisa i-centrifuge kukwahlulwa kweemolekyuli ze-DNA kunye ne-RNA. Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlola imigaqo esemva kokusebenzisa i-centrifuge ukwahlula i-DNA kunye ne-RNA kwaye sixoxe ngokubaluleka kwale nkqubo kuphando lwebhayoloji.

I. Ukuqonda i-Centrifugation:

Ukuze uqonde indlela i-centrifugation eyahlula ngayo i-DNA kunye ne-RNA, kubalulekile ukuqonda iziseko zale ndlela. I-Centrifugation isebenzisa umgaqo wokuba xa isampuli ijikeleziswa ngokukhawuleza, amasuntswana ane-density sediment ephezulu aya ezantsi ngelixa izinto ezikhaphukhaphu zihlala phezulu ngenxa yamandla e-centrifugal. Oku kwenza kube lula ukwahlula izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana neeseli, iiproteni kunye nee-nucleic acids.

II. Ukwakhiwa kweDNA kunye neRNA:

I-DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) kunye ne-RNA (ribonucleic acid) zombini zii-nucleic acids, kodwa zahlukile ngokwakhiwa nangomsebenzi. I-DNA ithwala ulwazi lwe-genetic kwaye idla ngokufumaneka icwangcisiwe kwii-chromosomes ze-nucleus yeseli. Kwelinye icala, i-RNA ibandakanyeka ekuguquleleni ulwazi lwe-genetic olugcinwe kwi-DNA kunye nokudibanisa iiproteni. Zombini i-DNA kunye ne-RNA zenziwe ngee-nucleotides, eziziibhloko zokwakha ezi molekyuli.

III. Ukusebenzisa iCentrifugation ukwahlula iDNA kunye neRNA:

I-centrifuge ivumela ukwahlukana kwe-DNA kunye ne-RNA ngokusekelwe kubukhulu kunye nomahluko wobuninzi bazo. Le nkqubo ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela abalulekileyo:

1. Ukulungiselela iSampuli:

Inyathelo lokuqala kukukhupha i-DNA kunye ne-RNA kwisampulu yebhayoloji enomdla, enokuba ligazi, iiseli, okanye izicubu. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhupha zisetyenziswa ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwesampulu kunye neemolekyuli ezijoliswe kuzo. Nje ukuba ikhutshwe, i-DNA kunye ne-RNA zihlala zikhona kumxube ontsonkothileyo.

2. Ukukhethwa koBuchule bokuSebenzisa iCentrifugation:

Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokucoca zifumaneka, kuquka i-differential centrifugation kunye ne-density gradient centrifugation. Ukukhetha indlela yokucoca kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimfuno ezithile zovavanyo kunye nohlobo lwesampulu yebhayoloji.

3. I-Centrifugation yokwahluka:

Kule ndlela, isampuli ifakwa kuthotho lwamanyathelo okucoca ngesantya nobude obuphezulu. Inyathelo ngalinye lahlula izinto ezithile ngokusekelwe kubukhulu bazo kunye noxinano. Ngokulungisa iiparameter ze-centrifuge, njengexesha kunye nesantya, umntu angakhetha ukukhupha i-DNA okanye i-RNA ngelixa eshiya ezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo ngasemva.

4. I-Centrifugation ye-Density Gradient:

I-centrifugation ye-density gradient centrifugation ibandakanya ukubeka isampuli kwindawo yoxinzelelo lwe-density gradient medium, efana ne-sucrose okanye i-cesium chloride. Ngexesha le-centrifugation, ii-components zihamba kwi-gradient ngokusekelwe kuxinano lwazo, nto leyo ephumela ekuqhekekeni. I-DNA kunye ne-RNA zinokuqokelelwa kwiindawo ezithile zoxinano.

IV. Ukubaluleka koPhando lwezebhayoloji:

Ukukwazi ukwahlula i-DNA kunye ne-RNA kubaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zophando lwebhayoloji. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

1. Izifundo zeMfuzo:

Ukwahlulwa kwe-DNA kunye ne-RNA nge-centrifugal kunceda ekufundeni utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo, ukuchonga ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo, kunye nokuhlalutya umahluko kwi-genome. Oku kubalulekile ekuqondeni isiseko sezakhi zofuzo zezifo kunye nokuphuhlisa unyango olujoliswe kulo.

2. IiSayensi zezoBugcisa:

Abaphandi bezophando baxhomekeke kakhulu kwiindlela zokwahlula i-DNA kunye ne-RNA ukuze bahlalutye ubungqina bendawo yolwaphulo-mthetho baze baseke unxibelelwano phakathi kwabarhanelwa kunye namaxhoba.

3. Uxilongo kunye noPhando lwezonyango:

Ukwahlulwa kweDNA kunye neRNA ngoncedo lwe-centrifugation kubalulekile kuphando lwezonyango, ukuxilongwa kwezonyango, kunye nokubeka esweni izifo. Kuvumela ukuchongwa kwezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, utshintsho, kunye notshintsho kwiipatheni zokubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ezinxulumene neengxaki ezahlukeneyo.

4. Uphando lwezendalo:

Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lwe-DNA kunye ne-RNA ezivela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezidalwa lunceda ekuqondeni ubudlelwane bokuvela kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokutyhila iimfihlakalo zemvelaphi yobomi.

Isiphelo:

I-centrifuge sisixhobo esinamandla esivumela ukwahlulwa kwe-DNA kunye ne-RNA ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zazo zomzimba. Le ndlela itshintshe iinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-genetics, i-forensics, i-diagnostics, kunye ne-evolutionary biology. Njengoko ubuchwepheshe buqhubela phambili, iindlela ze-centrifuge ziyaqhubeka nokukhula, zibonelela abaphandi ngeendlela ezichanekileyo nezisebenzayo zokwahlula nokuhlalutya ii-nucleic acids. Amandla okwahlula i-DNA kunye ne-RNA avuselela ukufunyanwa okutsha kwaye anamandla amakhulu ekubumbeni ukuqonda kwethu iinkqubo zobomi.