mashandiro anoita centrifuge mukupatsanurwa kweuranium

Mashandiro anoita Centrifuge muUranium Separation

Nhanganyaya yekuparadzaniswa kweUranium

Kupatsanurwa kweuranium inzira yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemafuta enyukireya uye kugadzirwa kwezvombo zvenyukireya. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa maisotope euranium anotsvedza, akadai seuranium-235, kubva muuranium ore yechisikigo, iyo ine isotope yeuranium-238 isingashande zvakanyanya. Imwe yenzira huru dzinoshandiswa mukupatsanurwa kweuranium ndeye centrifugation. Chinyorwa chino chinangwa chekutsanangura zvakadzama kuti centrifuge inoshanda sei mukupatsanurwa kweuranium.

Kudzora Kushanda Kwepakati: Pfupiso

Kuparadzanisa zvinhu muchinhu chimwe nechimwe zvichibva pakuwanda kwazvo uye huremu hwemamorekuru. Inoshandisa simba repakati kuti ifambise zvidimbu zvakakora kumadziro ekunze emudziyo unotenderera. MaCentrifuge anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumabasa akasiyana-siyana esainzi, maindasitiri, uye ekurapa, kusanganisira kupatsanurwa kweuranium. Kugona kwavo kugadzira simba guru regiravhiti kunogonesa kupatsanurwa kwemaisotopes ane kusiyana kudiki muhukuru, senge uranium-235 neuranium-238.

Gas Centrifuge: Chikamu Chekuparadzaniswa kweUranium

Ma "gas centrifuge" ndiwo mhando huru yema "centrifuge" anoshandiswa mukupatsanura uranium. "Gas centrifuge" ine "specialized rotor", "gas diffusion system", uye "enrich collector". Maitiro acho anotanga nekushandurwa kwe "uranium ore" kuita "uranium hexafluoride" (UF6), chinhu chakakodzera "centrifuge". Gasi iri reUF6 rinozoiswa mu "centrifuge", uko kupatsanurana kunoitika.

Dhizaini yeCascade uye Simba reNhamba

Kuti pave nekupfuma kwakakosha, macentrifuge akawanda anorongwa mumacascade akabatana. Cascade yega yega ine zviuru zvemacentrifuge akarongwa nenzira inochinja-chinja mumatanho akatevedzana uye akafanana. Dhizaini yacho ine chinangwa chekuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekuparadzanisa uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti uranium-235 yakapfuma inowanikwa. Kushanda zvakanaka kwecascade kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sehuwandu hwematanho, huwandu hwemacentrifuge padanho rega rega, uye mwero wekuyerera kwegasi.

Maitiro Ekuwedzera muCentrifuges

Mukati mega yega yega ine centrifuge, gasi reUF6 rinotenderera nekukurumidza, zvichigadzira masimba akasimba ecentrifugal. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwakasiyana hweuranium-235 neuranium-238, ma isotopes aya akaparadzana. Uranium-235, yakareruka zvishoma, inoswedera pedyo nepakati, nepo uranium-238 ichiungana pedyo nemadziro ekunze. Kupatsanurwa uku kunoita kuti pave nekuwedzera kwehuwandu, zvichibvumira kuburitswa kweuranium-235 yakapfuma. Vaunganidzi vegasi vanobvisa gasi rakapfuma, nepo uranium-238 yasara ichidzokororwa kuti ishandiswezve.

Matambudziko uye Kufambira Mberi muTekinoroji yeCentrifuge

Tekinoroji yeCentrifuge yekuparadzanisa uranium iri kuramba ichichinja. Dambudziko guru nderekuchengetedza chiyero pakati pekushanda zvakanaka uye kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda. MaCentrifuge anofanira kushanda nekumhanya kwakanyanya, zvichikonzera kushushikana kwechimiro uye njodzi dzinoenderana nezvinhu zvine mwaranzi. Kufambira mberi kwemazuva ano kwakatarisana nekuvandudza dhizaini yerotor, zvinhu, uye kuwedzera kugara kwenguva refu. Uyezve, masisitimu ekutarisa nekudzora akaomarara anoita kuti mashandiro arambe akachengeteka uye akavimbika.

Migumisiro Yenyika Yose yeKuparadzaniswa kweUranium

Tekinoroji yekuparadzanisa uranium, kunyanya nzira dzinoshandiswa pakugadzira centrifuge, ine zvazvinoreva mune zvematongerwo enyika. Kugona kugona kuvandudza uranium inhanho inokosha kune nyika dziri kutsvaga kugona kwenyukireya. Zvakakosha kutonga nekutarisa nzvimbo dzekuvandudza uranium pasi rese kudzivirira kushandiswa zvisizvo. Zvibvumirano zvepasi rose nezvibvumirano zviripo zvekudzora kuwanda kwezvombo zvenyukireya uye kuona kuti simba renyukireya rinoshandiswa murunyararo.

Mukupedzisa, ma "centrifuge" anoita basa guru mukupatsanurwa kweuranium nekushandisa mutsauko uripo mu "isotopic mass". Tekinoroji ye "gas centrifuge", nekukwanisa kwayo kuwana huwandu hwakawanda hwekuwedzera, inzira yakakosha yekugadzira mafuta enyukireya uye kusangana nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvesimba rakachena. Kufambira mberi kuripo mukugadzirwa kwe "centrifuge" uye matanho ekuchengetedza zvinodiwa kuchengetedza kusimba kwekupatsanurwa kweuranium uye kudzivirira kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwetekinoroji iyi ine simba.